Tutor
| Median wage (USD) | 43350 |
|---|---|
| Projected employment growth (%) | 0 |
| AI exposure (%) | 37 |
| Maximum exposure (%) | 57 |
| Source | eloundou |
| What AI changes in this occupation | Practice worksheets, quizzes, lesson plans and fully worked solutions to each problem are now produced in minutes from a prompt or a photo of the assignment, and the progress report written after the session generates itself straight from the notes taken during it: the preparation and paperwork of tutoring — what used to fill an independent tutor's evenings — are the first to go BLS states outright that generative AI "will somewhat reduce the need for tutors, since many of their regular activities can be completed by online software", and that companies holding large inventories of practice tests, assessments and assignments will be able to provide digital services that previously required a personal or private tutor; the tutor therefore no longer sells access to a solution or an explanation but the session in which the student works in front of someone who can see where they get stuck — and families now compare a software subscription with an hourly rate Running the session: seeing the moment a student disengages, changing the explanation without changing the goal, re-engaging someone who has lost confidence, keeping a teenager to the agreed hour week after week, talking to worried parents and telling a student that their study method is the real problem remain human — the relationship and the responsibility for a real person's progress cannot be delegated, even when all the material generates itself |
| Key skills | Subject-matter teaching and didactics · diagnosing learning difficulties and remediation · study skills, note-taking and test preparation · designing teaching materials (handouts, exercises, quizzes) · formative assessment and progress tracking · communicating with students, parents and the school team · adapting to students with special needs (individualized education plans, learning disabilities) · motivation and positive reinforcement · scheduling and self-employed work at students' homes · generative AI tools for producing exercises, worked solutions and progress reports |
| Courses to get ahead | Learning How to Learn: Powerful mental tools to help you master tough subjects · Coursera (Deep Teaching Solutions) · About 16 hours in total · 92 · The course that attacks the card's most exposed task: teaching study skills, note-taking skills and test-taking strategies. It comes from the researcher behind A Mind for Numbers, it explains why spaced practice and active recall work, and it gives the tutor the vocabulary and the protocols to hand over during a session — precisely what a student can now get from an online tool, and therefore what the tutor must be able to teach better than the tool. Foundations of Teaching for Learning: Introduction · Coursera (Commonwealth Education Trust) · About 10 hours in total · 89 · The foundation of the job as it changes: setting learning objectives, designing a sequence, assessing what has been understood rather than what has been said. The course comes from a consortium of Commonwealth institutions and is the first building block of teacher training — the path a large share of tutors take when they want to become certified teachers, that is, the occupation this pivot leads to. AI For Everyone · Coursera (DeepLearning.AI) · About 7 hours in total · 85 · For deciding what is delegated and what is not: the course explains what generative AI can produce — exercises, worked solutions, reports —, where it gets things wrong, and how to frame a use that does not lose the student. A tutor whose occupation BLS says AI will somewhat reduce the need for needs to know exactly what it does in their place, and to sell it rather than suffer it. Disability Awareness and Support · Coursera (University of Pittsburgh) · About 8 hours in total · 84 Introduction to Psychology · Coursera (Yale University) · About 18 hours in total · 83 Prompt Engineering for ChatGPT · Coursera (Vanderbilt University) · About 19 hours in total · 81 |
| Occupations to pivot toward | Instructional Coordinator · 77440 · 2 · 53 School and Career Counselor · 64330 · 3 · 32 Special Education Teacher, Secondary School · 74260 · 0 · 29 |
| Skills to acquire for the pivot | Eloundou measures the tutor's exposure at 37% (human β) and up to 57% (human ζ): reviewing material during the session, assessing progress, teaching study and test-taking skills, producing handouts, exercises and quizzes, communicating progress in written reports, keeping records and booking appointments are largely delegable, but private instruction itself, the feedback that encourages and rebuilds confidence, collaboration with parents and the school team, designing intervention plans and travelling to the student's home remain human. Within the repository, 37 puts the tutor 59th of the ninety-six occupations: fifty-eight occupations have a higher exposure, thirty-six a lower one, and only one is tied with it (the buyer, 37); its nearest neighbours above are the nurse and the physician (38), below the labour inspector, the cashier and the salesperson (36) and then the teacher and the physiotherapist (34). Its ζ of 57 places it 56th, tied with the nurse (57), behind the buyer and the economist (58) and ahead of the nurse practitioner (56) and the physiotherapist (55). The SOC code used is 25-3041.00 "Tutors": it is confirmed both by the occupation's O*NET profile and by the BLS projections table, which links the "Tutors" page to SOC 25-3041 — two sources that agree, nothing assumed. The GPT-4 self-rated series (β 54, ζ 91) is kept in expositionGpt4 and is not displayed, in line with the decision of 21 August 2026. BLS projects 0% growth in tutor employment from 2025 to 2035 — "little or no change" — with 208,400 jobs in 2025 falling to 208,000 in 2035, a loss of 500, and about 34,200 openings a year over the decade, mostly replacing people who transfer to other occupations or exit the labour force, such as to retire. BLS names the cause itself: "the introduction of generative artificial intelligence (AI) will somewhat reduce the need for tutors, since many of their regular activities can be completed by online software", and companies with large inventories of practice tests, assessments and assignments will be able to provide digital services that previously required a personal or private tutor. Demand also depends on the size of the student population, on how many families can pay for the service, and on the pressure to stand out in college and graduate admissions. O*NET carries the same figures — 208,400 workers in 2025, growth "little or no change", 34,200 openings over 2025-2035 — and places the occupation in Job Zone Three (medium preparation: vocational training, related experience or an associate's degree), with a Social interest code. The ζ of 57% says a little over half the job is at least partly transformable; what holds the employment is not the technical difficulty of the subject taught, but the fact that a student who has disengaged does not go back to work because an answer was handed to them. For reference, BLS projects +2% for instructional coordinators, +3% for school and career counselors and advisors and 0% for secondary special education teachers — the three pivots on this card — and a 14% decline for adult basic and secondary education and ESL teachers, the occupation closest to tutoring, whose decline BLS explains by falling enrolment in adult education programmes. The occupation's median salary is $43,350 a year, the May 2025 figure from BLS published on the Occupational Outlook Handbook page "Tutors" — $20.84 an hour, with 10% of workers below $29,430 and 10% above $75,990. The same release shows the employer effect: $49,380 in local elementary and secondary schools, $43,070 in private educational support services, $41,490 in other private schools and instruction and $35,190 in state colleges, universities and professional schools — private tutoring pays less than the public school, and 31% of tutors work in private schools and instruction, 14% in local public schools and 12% are self-employed. For context, in the same May 2025 snapshot: all occupations stand at $50,980 and the other teachers and instructors group at $45,730; instructional coordinators are at $77,440 (+2%), secondary special education teachers at $74,260 (0%) and school and career counselors and advisors at $64,330 (+3%) — the three pivots on this card, each taken from its own BLS page. The job usually requires some college courses in the subject taught, with no degree required: O*NET respondents report a bachelor's degree required in 41% of cases, some college with no degree in 36% and a high school diploma in 9%; some employers require a bachelor's degree, others no credential at all, and test preparation tutors usually need to have scored highly on the test they teach. Most tutors work part time, with evening and weekend hours and more hours leading up to exams. Every value on this card comes from a named source; only the task shares, derived from O*NET importance scores, and the course scores are editorial estimates, documented in _ponderation. |
| GPT-4 exposure — beta / zeta (%) | 54 · 91 |